Why Professional Athletes Go Broke Essay Example

Why Professional Athletes Go Broke Paper Imagine you are barely out of your teen years and have been signed to a multiyear, multimillion-dollar contract by a pro sports team. You can expect another $20-30 million to $30 million in endorsement deals and are positioned to become a brand unto yourself to be another LeBron, Brady, Kobe, or Jeter. Now try to stomach the thought that because you’re in this scenario you’re statistically more than likely to wind up broke by the age of 40. Imagine losing millions upon millions of dollars and thinking of the fact that you’ve gone from rags to riches just to end up back where you started just a few years later. This, unfortunately, has been an epidemic that has plagued many athletes and it seems to not be showing signs of slowing down. There has been a long and storied history of professional athletes making millions upon millions of dollars throughout their careers and somehow managing to not have enough to get by once they retire. The most famous to lose all of their fortunes include Mike Tyson, Allen Iverson, Michael Vick, and Scottie Pippen. People tend to only hear about how large athletes’ new contracts are worth or how much they just lost and unfortunately there is no shortage of examples of this occurring. In the present paper information will be provided about why and how professional athletes lose all of their profit after retirement and provide a solution that could potentially stop this problem. The following literature review will be used to demonstrate and support those solutions. We will write a custom essay sample on Why Professional Athletes Go Broke specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Why Professional Athletes Go Broke specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Why Professional Athletes Go Broke specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer On July 1, 2013 CBS Money Watch published an article called Why Athletes Go Broke: The Myth of The Dumb Jock. The article gives an in depth analysis of why and how pro athletes lose all of their money within a short time after they retire. The article in particular focuses on NFL and NBA athletes citing information from Sports Illustrated magazine that 78% of NFL players lose all of their money within two years of hanging up their cleats

Are We More Free than We Were in the Past

Are We More Free than We Were in the Past Centuries ago, production was limited to long hours of manual labour, which yielded low output. Simple goods required a lot of man-hours to produce. The 18th century was accompanied by revolutions that changed man’s way of life. Machines were invented and production started growing. The labour intensive model that was used before the invention of the machines was replaced by the factory system.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Are We More Free than We Were in the Past? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The use of machines replaced hand tools and most of the human labour was replaced by the power of the steam engine. This is what characterized the industrial revolution. Over a short time span, rural towns grew as more factories came up. There was increased movement from the rural areas to the fast growing urban centers (Amin, 1995). This further promoted the establishment of social classes; employers on one side and workers on the other. Britain was the first to enjoy the benefits of machine production; its economy grew and was the envy of the neighbouring European countries and the, the US Included. The inventions like the spinning jenny and the flying shuttle boosted the textile industry a great deal. Steam power was used in the manufacture of automobiles, leading to ease of transportation. It is important to note that the effects of the industrial revolution not only shaped the lives of people in the 18th century; but still develop the 21st century as newer technologies are applied. The growth of industries prompted competition amongst countries all over the world. Similar concepts started emerging in different countries. As production grew, there was a need to find new markets and places to establish industries. The US became a new ground for development and soon caught up with the competition. The concept of factory production became the primary focus of all businesses. The second indu strial revolution came with an increased production and an improvement on machines used in production. Machines that had been using steam power were replaced by those using electrical power; which proved more economical and easy to manage. Electricity could power huge mechanical plants in the factories, making arrangement of machines more flexible. As more machines were introduced into the factories, the need for human labour became less valuable. Factories made mass production a priority and in 1913 Henry Ford introduced a more effective way of production; using the assembly line to produce goods. This concept ensured the production of identical goods in huge numbers and within a short time (Gartman, 2009).Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The assembly line used a conveyor belt which held components that would be put together to form the final product; as the conveyor belt moved from one work station to another. Henry Ford used this model of production to manufacture his Model-T Ford automobiles, which made him a market leader in the automobile industry (William, 1978). The assembly lines became popular and were adapted by other industries; and that process of production was referred to as fordism. Fordism introduced a system of mass production that was efficient and cost effective. Economies of scale were achieved by investing more on production plants thereby increasing output and reducing unit costs. With mass production came division of labour, workers specialized on specific tasks in different work stations. The remaining staff did the overhead work, which included procurement, marketing, accounting, repairs and stocking. Working on an assembly line had it merits and demerits. Workers routinely worked on the same stations for a long time, after a while those kinds of jobs became boring and saw a high number of staff quit their jobs. On the o ther hand skilled labour became highly paid. Management policies further ensured job securities and safety measures for workers. Though fordism grew economies, improved lifestyles and provided opportunities for highly paid jobs; it also led to the loss of numerous jobs that were previously held by the unskilled labourers. Rise of industries also made critical changes to the environment, in terms of pollution and exploitation of resources. As cities grew, the rural regions remained poor. It is about time we moved from mass production of goods to a system that advocated for transformation of institutions, which promote a flow of information (Giddens, 1990). Post-fordism is movement from the system of mass production to a just-in-time production model coupled with the flow of information and transportation to enable economic development. Markets became more liberalized and were not restricted by national borders. Trade agreements were signed to enable free movement of goods and service s to consumers wherever they were.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Are We More Free than We Were in the Past? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Organizations targeted countries with competitive demand for their products; they also considered production costs in those new countries. Lower taxes also promoted migration of those corporations to their new destinations. While Fordism focused on mass production, Post-Fordism used a model that customized production to the customers’ needs. Relocations focused on areas with lower wage payouts, while exploiting a highly professional staff. The automation process and the use of information technology saw an increase in quality of production, as experts were hired to manage tasks at different levels of manufacture. Post-Fordism promoted a production process that constantly required the input of skilled labour and rotational work schedules. Although this model of producti on sought to maximize efficiency; corporations had to take advantage of short term contracts hence increasing the rate of job insecurity. Outsourcing became a popular concept, used by companies to deliver services at reduced wages. All these factors made Post-Fordism successful in delivering goods and services on time. It created disparities in incomes for its workers, in that different countries paid different wages for the same level of expertise. Profit margins were also high considering the low production costs. The major difference between the two systems is that, while Fordism produced a particular good in huge quantities for an undifferentiated market, Post-Fordism had an assortment of goods produced to satisfy diverse consumer bases that had different tastes and cultures (Harvey, 1989). Post-Fordism can be seen as a promoter of globalization, through liberalization of trade and division of labour across the entire globe. It also spreads modern cultures and technologies to di fferent countries (Koch, 2006). As the western countries grow their economies, part of their wealth also remains in the poorer countries; especially those in the developing world.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Post-Fordism can be viewed as a modern way of life, as people exchange ideas, cultures, traditions and do business with each other. Institutions that do not move with change, and those that do not consider customer satisfaction are bound to fail; in this consumer based system of production. (Becks, 2001) Although each system worked best during its era, both of them have had an adverse effect on the global society. So are we safe than we were in the past? This will depend on an individual’s view, as both systems had both advantages and disadvantages. Jobs were created and lost, there was economic and social growth across the board. If we compare the two systems carefully, Post-fordism seems to encompass the global demands of the employers, workers and the consumers. Development might be on different levels, but there is evidence that it is distributed to the most remote places on the globe. References Amin, A., 1995. Post-Fordism: A reader (studies in urban and social change). Oxford: Blackwell Publishers Ltd. Becks, U., 2001. Individualization: institutionalized individualism and its social and political consequences. London: Sage Publications Limited. Gartman, D., 2009. From autos to architecture: Fordism and architectural aesthetics in the twentieth century. New York: Princeton Architectural Press. Giddens, A., 1990. The consequences of modernity. Palo Alto: Stanford University Press. Harvey, D., 1989. The condition of postmodernity: An enquiry in to the origins of cultural change. London: Basil Blackwell. Koch, M., 2006. Roads to Post-Fordism: Labour markets and social structures in Europe. Hampshire: Ashgate Publishing Ltd. William, A., 1978. The productivity Dilemma: Roadblock to innovation in the automobile industry. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.

What Does it Cost to Attend The University of Washington - Seattle Campus?

The University of Washington – Seattle is consistently ranked one of the top public universities in the country by The U.S. News and World Report . It boasts a diverse student body and exemplary academic programs, which makes it clear why UW is on the minds of many prospective college students. Because of its popularity, UW is also one of the more competitive public institutions in the United States. At first glance, attending any college may seem overwhelmingly expensive. Even public schools like UW have a high list price. However, you can’t assume that the list price (the published cost) is what you’ll actually end up paying. Instead, pay attention to the net cost, the amount you’ll be expected to pay out of pocket. Taking into account financial aid (government aid, institutional grants, and merit scholarships), your net cost will likely be far lower than the list price. Families tend to pay different amounts because of their income, in- or out-of-state residency, and many other factors. Like at many public universities, at UW, the list price is lower for in-state students than for out-of-state students. In-state students pay $29,948, while out-of-state students pay $49,986. Most families don’t actually pay the list price, though. In general, only families earning more than $175,000 should expect to pay this figure. For students from high-income families, they may still pay less than the list price if they earn merit scholarships, or scholarships based on achievement. Financial aid greatly reduces the cost of attending college for many families. At UW, students receiving aid pay an average net cost of $22,586 in-state and $46,624 out-of-state. The price tends to vary greatly based on family income: * These numbers do not reflect any Pell Grants that families may receive. Families with an income of $0-30k often receive Federal Pell Grants, which reduce the amount of financial aid that individual institutions need to award. This is why there is a higher tuition rate for families with $0-30k vs. those with $30k-48k. Estimating your chance of getting into a college is not easy in today’s competitive environment. Thankfully, with our state-of-the-art software and data, we can analyze your academic and extracurricular profile and estimate your chances. Our profile analysis tool can also help you identify the improvement you need to make to enter your dream school. Both students receiving financial aid and those without financial need are eligible to receive merit scholarships, which are awarded based on students’ accomplishments in and out of the classroom. UW awards merit scholarships to 8.8% of students who don’t receive financial aid. The average award amount is $529, which places UW at 827th in a pool of more than 1,000 institutions analyzed with regard to merit aid generosity. The merit aid net cost for students without financial need is thus only marginally lower: $25,419 for in-state students and $49,457 for out-of-state students. That said, remember that these statistics only account for students without financial need. UW offers a handful of generous merit scholarships (discussed later in this post), but students with financial need often receive them. Many students take out government loans to help pay for college, which must be repaid according to individual timetables after graduation. At UW, 5% of students take out loans, with an average amount of $3,170 across their college careers. A high graduation rate and salary for alumni can indicate a strong return on investment (ROI) for an institution. At UW, 82% of students graduate within six years, and alumni earn an average salary of $57,700 after 10 years. Living in Seattle is expensive. The cost of living index is 204, indicating that it is over twice as expensive as the national average. Students are not required to live on campus at UW, although many do. According to the housing office , 68% of freshmen choose to live in university housing. If your student decides to live off-campus, they’ll be contending with an average one-bedroom rental price of $2,014 or a two-bedroom rental price of $2,775. Washington state’s minimum wage is currently $12. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics , the average hourly wage for all workers in the Seattle-Bellevue-Everett metropolitan area was $31.42 in 2017; it’s important to keep in mind, however, that this figure encompasses professions requiring a college degree and certain levels of experience. UW offers a number of merit scholarships to students, including Academic Scholarships and UW Undergraduate Academic Excellence Awards for in-state students. These scholarships are awarded in an average amount of $4,000 for two years and do not require separate applications. UW also offers scholarships to out-of-state students, such as the Purple and Gold Scholarship (for U.S. residents only), awarded in varying amounts. Students are automatically considered for this award as well. Students should also consider applying for scholarships awarded by external organizations, many of which take into account demographics, intended majors, accomplishments, and other factors. One popular scholarship is the National Merit Scholarship, awarded to top 1% scorers on the PSAT. For more information on the opportunity, read our post: How to Qualify for the National Merit Scholarship . Many students also work part-time jobs during the year, or over the summer. Getting a job can teach students about responsibility while helping them pay for their education. Seattle is a vibrant community offering plenty of local work opportunities. If your student prefers to stay on campus, they may be able to score a work-study job, allowing them to engage with the campus community while earning a paycheck. Common campus jobs include being a library desk aide, working in the dining hall, or grading for a professor. Looking for help navigating the Financial Aid process at UW and other colleges? Our Finances tool , available though ’s Applications program, will help you compare the ROIs of different colleges, understand what you’ll actually pay, and more. Learn more today!

Attitudinal Component of Nurses Research Proposal

Attitudinal Component of Nurses - Research Proposal Example The caring behavior along with self esteem was found to be an attitudinal component in professional nurses. These findings can be considered as baseline for understating the attitudinal component. The unexplained part of the model is about large percentage of variance in the result. (Gail Holland Wade, 2004) The sample can be termed as large as 317 senior nursing students were considered from 20 national leaguer programs. This sample can be termed large with the number of nursing students considered from the number of programs they are selected from. The sample can be considered as large due to the number of working environments considered while selecting 317 nurses to study their attitudinal components. This brings out one of the largest environment sample. Due to the larger environments considered the nurses responses also can vary. This may be a reason for the large variance observed in the study's result. The large environment or the more number of environments considered in this study is a sample representative of the population. The extraneous variables considered are regarding caring, attitude and perception of the instructor. These are considered as deciding variables in nursing autonomy and professional status for nurses. In deciding about autonomy and status for nurses, the caring, attitude and perception of the instructor will play a major role. The large variance in the results obtained indicates that these variables are not satisfactory. The ideals of autonomy can be used to control the extraneous features regarding caring, attitude and perception of instructor. 4. Study Instruments Tools The study instruments and tools considered here are autonomy, clinical competency, perceptions of instructor and self esteem scale. The model of the practice, review instrument and data extraction tool can be considered as tools. The model of practice is attitudinal component of nurses. The review is regarding the professional nurse practice. There is validity for the study instruments as the relation between autonomy to the nurses and professional status is considered as a valid issue. The study supposed that this aspect will affect the clinical competency of the nurses along with the perception of instructor. The purpose of the study is to find the causal model of the attitudinal component. The investigation for the cause that results in attitudinal component gives validity to the study and the relevance to the support given to the study. The instruments used in the study can be termed as appropriate as the study is quantitative. (Alan Pearson et al, 2006) 5. Data Collection Methods The clinical activities considered by Watson in his theory of transpersonal caring are data collections methods in this study. The factors of taking care numbered to 10 are interrelated clusters of characteristics associated with human caring. This method is capable to give a structure for studying and understanding nursing education and enables data collection regarding the attitude of the nurses. The establishment of conceptual congruency between factors

Ralph Lauren Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Ralph Lauren Case Study - Essay Example In the same way, there are several ways that the value of a brand can be exploited for the beneficial purpose of the organisation (Keller, 2005). For Ralph Lauren, brand image is highly significant. Ralph Lauren sold his tie line at higher prices than that of market prices with the assumption that customers have greater preference for the product which is rendered at higher prices. It is because according to Ralph Lauren customers perceived that higher price refers to better quality. He diversified his business through own retail store to attract younger generation as well as baby boomers that can help the brand to catch the attention of the customers. Furthermore, Ralph Lauren diversified its business from menswear to womenswear in the year 1971. In the year 1972, the Polo brand was introduced in 24 colours with the tagline â€Å"Every team has its colours, Polo has 24†. This innovative promotional strategy facilitated to fabricate the brand equity for Polo. Ralph Lauren conc entrated on sportswear and trendy fashion wears. He is believed to be the pioneer of ‘lifestyle merchandising branding’. He promoted his brand ‘Polo’ very strategically. By 1980, he set up seven new stores across the markets. His brand was promoted through Hollywood movie ‘The Great Gatsby’ and the costume designer was awarded Oscar for costumes. The above mentioned issue helped the brand to be recognised throughout the world. He considered the social as well as the cultural factors to enhance brand awareness in the American market (Hancock, 2009). Accordingly, in 1978, he introduced fragrances for both men and women. The aromas of the fragrances were apparently distinct and customers would prefer to be familiar with, even if they were not concerned about the clothing line developed by Ralph Lauren. Ralph Lauren made an advertisement campaign with the assistance of Weber (photographer) with an eye-catching tagline â€Å"Rough wear-it was made to be worn†, in the year of 1979, that had a strong impact on brand advertising in those days. In 1981, Ralph Lauren launched a new brand namely Santa Fe collection which facilitated the romanticism of American fantasies with cowboy outfits. In the same year, Ralph Lauren executed its own boutique in London and he became the first American designer in the European market (Hancock, 2009). Next, Ralph Lauren diversified his business towards furnishings with the tagline of â€Å"How Tradition Begins†. Each product under this segment has its own image in customers’ mind. In the year 1986, he emphasised on a flagship store in New York which can define his brands within one corporate entity. The key factors of success for Ralph Lauren are innovative ideas with the combination of networking which creates public awareness and a specific vision about the brand. 2. Evaluation of the Role of Brand Association in the Company’s Success Brand association is related with the customers’ outlook connected with brand and it reflects the strategic position of the brand. Associations can provide to summarise a set of facts and specifications that would be complex for the customer to access and high-priced for the company to correspond. Brand association can facilitate to generate brand awareness in customers’ mind. A differentiating brand association is capable to assist the organisation to obtain competitive advantage. For instance, Ralph Lauren is synonymous with higher price

Starbucks †Going Global Fast Essay Example for Free

Starbucks – Going Global Fast Essay Controllable: 1) Promotion. I think that spending only 1% of revenue on advertisement is a bit too little and Starbucks should definitely spend more. 2) Product. In Italy for instance food is popular in cafes. To open shops and be successful in Italy Starbucks should have more differentiated products. 3) Price. Again in Italy price for coffee is a bit less than Starbucks proposes. The only way is to make the price less. Uncontrollable: 1) Starbucks tries to control competition for instance paying for rent twice as much, so competitors cannot get a place or renting empty space. Even though it seems to be controllable, customers can be unsatisfied because of that and also businesses can practice same strategy. It also can lead to bad reputation (it is not nice to do so) 2) Starbucks wants to enter French market. The main problem is strict regulations and labor benefits. Considering some problems with working hours and salary that Starbucks had it would be hard to work in France. 3) Italians know which coffee to drink. Considering this Italian coffee culture and the amount of competitors in Italy it will be very difficult for Starbucks to be famous there. 4) Cultural challenge is the main problem for Starbucks to be global. Every country needs to be treated differently. If in US people got used to very sweet coffee, in Japan they did not. Question 2: Potential risks: 1) In my opinion potential risk is connected with dissatisfaction of employees. If Starbucks will not change its policies, salaries, working hours it will have problems with personnel. Potential solution could be identifying gaps connected with employees and try to make everyone happy. Increase the salary if needed, make the environment for employees friendlier, so they will stay and enjoy their work. 2) Another risk is attracting next generation customers. Younger customers feel uncomfortable already, because almost all stuff is same age as they are. Some do not like the terminology. Starbucks can for instance change the terminology once in a while. Make it in different language every time. It also can hire more diverse workforce, young and not so young, different nationalities, so people will feel more comfortable. 3) Because of complains of employees Starbucks can loose its reputation, which can decrease sales. Its good that Starbucks wants to increase its market share and income, but it would be bad if it will loose its reputation because of that. So it is better to focus on both things together. 4) In international environment Starbucks faces a lot of risks. Cultural risks are the most important ones. For instance language differences, tastes and others. Managers of Starbucks should examine foreign cultures better to understand them and provide them with products they want. 5) Competition is a big risk also. To be more competitive Starbucks should not loose its image and make the products more differentiated. As it says in the case study in Japan Starbucks lost 70% of its profits because of competitors. It’s a huge loss and Starbucks should think and fight with competitors. Question 3: Reading the case I noticed that Starbucks uses unethical strategy. Paying for empty space so competitors cannot make business there is unethical I think and it can damage the image of Starbucks. A lot of customers of Starbucks think of ethical part of the business and this strategy will probably make them think to go to Starbucks or other place. Another issue is that Starbucks experiences decrease in sales and tries to improve this aspect. But all efforts (Starbucks express, cards etc.) do not give the desired outcome. There must be something wrong with their strategy. Low salary to employees is an issue too. Starbucks still does not have stores in 8 states in US. It is controllable. Starbucks can open its stores and make them successful there. Question 4: Starbucks can improve the taste of coffee and make it like Japanese people want. Examine culture better and understand what people want and need. Starbucks also can improve service or make better atmosphere. It also can renovate coffee houses. Develop new menu that will fit tastes of Japanese customers. Also Starbucks should always work and improve to keep customers interested and fight with competition. Japanese people are busy, so maybe it would be convenient for them to buy coffee online.

The Stone Angel - Theme of Pride :: Stone Angel

The Stone Angle - Theme of Pride Short Summation of Pride-Related Occurrences: The first reference to pride is in the second sentence of the novel: Hagar describes the Stone Angel as "my mother's angel that my father bought in pride to mark her bones and proclaim his dynasty†¦" (3). Hagar's father was a very proud man, a trait that was passed on to his daughter, and he takes great pride in this "terribly expensive" statue, which "had been brought from Italy" †¦ "and was pure white marble" (3). Hagar recollects exhibiting her pride as early as age 6 when she says "There was I, strutting the board sidewalk like a pint-sized peacock, resplendent, haughty, hoity-toity, Jason Currie's black-haired daughter" (6). Jason Currie was a "self-made man" who "had pulled himself up by his bootstraps" (7). Hagar was very proud of her father's success, seeing as how "he had be gun without money" (14). Hagar's father, because he worked so hard, took great pleasure in his store. She says, "Father took such pride in the store - you'd have thought it was the only one on earth. It was the first in Manawaka, so I guess he had due cause. He would lean across the counter, spreading his hands, and smile so wonderfully you'd feel he welcomed the world" (9). Mr. Currie had excessive self-esteem, as seen when the Reverend Dougall MacCulloch was calling out the names of the people who had contributed to help build the new church. Jason Curried leaned over and arrogantly said to his daughter "I and Luke McVitie must've given the most, as he called our names the first" (16).

Movie Review on the movie entitled “Hook” Essay

Peter has completely forgotten his earlier incarnation, which is probably just as well for his career. Not many high rollers would entrust the fate of an unfriendly corporate takeover to a fellow who has a pal named Tinkerbell and as a mortal enemy a sword-buckled pirate with a hook for a hand. Vincent Canby, 1991 Steven Spielberg’s movie entitled â€Å"Hook† was Peter Pan’s future life. The director showed the life of Peter Pan after his â€Å"ended battle† with his mortal enemy, Captain Hook. Peter married Wendy’s grand daughter but still have a heart towards Wendy. After a long period of time without seeing each other, Peter and Wendy reunited again to reminisce the past but Peter did not think of Captain Hook’s new way of revenge – to capture his children as a favor to his presence in the Never Land. According to Hal Hinson, â€Å"Hook† is the story of Banning’s redemption; it’s an extravagant fable about how Banning recovers his past as Peter Pan, saving himself and his family by (please excuse the psychobabble) reclaiming his inner child. It’s a ’90s movie to the bone, yet another moral lesson for our time. It’s also great fun: big, splashy, energetic, one-size-fits-all Hollywood entertainment. There are different symbolisms, images, and ironies that emerged and developed all throughout the movie. Spielberg’s way of depicting the adult character of Peter Pan showed his strengths as a hero and weaknesses as a person. Tinkerbelle’s loyal character towards Peter Pan became the reason how Peter came back to his home. Wendy has grown old but she feels every situation that happens when it comes to the presence of Hook and other people from Peter’s world. Wendy, Tinkerbelle, and Peter Pan are all depiction of fictional reality that exists in an ideal and real world. The same old room where Wendy and Peter met still exists in this movie. It means that there is still something to happen beneath the big window of this room. Here is where Peter’s children capture and goes to the Never Land. Peter already forgot how to fly, which seemed to be his greatest armor against his enemies. However, through Tinkerbelle’s help, he soon recognizes his life during his childhood that led him to restore his power ad ability to fly. This movie also showed the real feelings of Tinkerbelle towards Peter Pan. She loved him so dearly that is why she is still loyal to Peter from his younger years up to the moment they meet again. For me, it shows that Peter Pain is the ideal man to become a partner of every woman. However, he is not a man of perfection because he could not able to raise his children with emotional attachment. He thinks that by giving them a good life will give him the credit of being a good provider. Peter’s being too busy with his work tends to for get his children’s emotional needs. This scenario shows the battle between being human and extra human being. When Peter came to Never Land, the division of children and adults was depicted. Children’s side is known to be the good ones while the adults’ side is the opposite – the bad ones. Despite of the fact that children in this movie know how to defend themselves, they have no violent armors within them during the time of battle. It shows that the director is sensitive to the limitation of its audiences, which mostly are children. There are two significant sports that were seen in the movie – basketball is the traditional game in Never Land while baseball emerged to become the popular game in the modern period. However, the director showed that baseball was played by the pirates, which means that there is an incorporation of new tradition to the old tradition to justify the difference of the two periods. The symbolisms of watch, hook, â€Å"play-doh† food, and the baseball and basketball ball played an important role to the characters’ establishment as well as the story’s resolution. The watch symbolizes time. The part where Captain Hook destroyed the watches and clock with the help of Peter’s son illustrated the impeding of time in their society. I have seen the reason why Peter’s son also destroyed the clocks is because of his father’s lack of time towards him, her mother, and his sister. It does not really that there is a crocodile, which Hook’s worst enemy aside from Peter Pan but a justification of devastate the transformation of age. At the end of the movie, Captain Hook was seen to be old like Peter Pan. His wig covers his white hair as a representation of old age. Steven Spielberg’s point of view to describe Peter Pan’s adulthood and the concept of being old wanted to convey that everyone gets old and there is no escape with that. Only the memory will obtain childhood through reminiscence of the past. The hook symbolizes strength and weaknesses in both occurrences. According to the Facts of Piracy, a pirate who lost one of his body parts whether a finger, a hand, a foot, an eye, or a limb means that he is already incapable of doing things. This shows Captain Hook is incapable of doing things around him. It means that he is not a reliable and powerful master at all, which is an irony of his character where everyone treats him as a king of all the pirates. It was seen that despite of power that lies within his men, he is a man of nowhere. He is nothing as what a true pirate depicts. That is why every time Hook and Peter Pan take their battle, Hook always kneels unto Peter’s feet not to kill him for he is nothing but an abusive and injustice pirate of his period. Because of this, Captain Hook’s hook was his only armor to hide his incapability and immoral personification of king and master of all pirates in the Never Land. The â€Å"play-doh† food that was seen in the part when Peter and the children of his community are eating their colorful food symbolizes childhood. Robin Williams as Peter Pan showed his life during his childhood when there is no problem, pain, and sorrow – only happiness, simple happiness that represents the Never land’s simple way of living. The baseball and basketball ball signifies circle of life. Peter’s son always played this ball not only because it was his favorite game but it also represents the wheel of survival and living. There are ups and downs, failure and success, happiness and sadness, and discontentment and contentment. All these experiences mould us to become better individuals like Spielberg has conveyed in his movie. It means that life is like a ball in whether situation it may be – we can always feel ups and downs in rounded tops of life. Marjorie Baumgarten stated that Hook breaks the cardinal rule of J.M. Barrie’s timeless fantasy — it grows up. It is true in literal sense because Spielberg made his main characters Hook and Peter Pan grow old. However, he had justified all his thoughts and arguments as well as the reasons why he showed Peter Pan adult life. It seems that it is a depiction of social reality that everyone needs to understand. It is also good enough to show the children audiences that no person lived in young forever for there is not such thing as this concept. Despite of the fact that this movie is a fiction, Spielberg showed that literature is the mirror of the society that everyone needs to live according to the rule of life. Spielberg showed what he wanted to convey in his movie. It is a simple justification of age transformation that can happen to Peter Pan once he grows old. Spielberg did not insist of impose that this is the truth behind Peter Pan’s future but an option or choice to look after if we think of the probable life of Peter Pan once he became a mortal being. In terms of effects, costumes, setting, and characters, Spielberg established the scenarios into a better situation to show the true meaning and essence of Peter Pan’s personality and life after breaking his immortal being. The whole movie tackles one thing – Peter Pan’s existence in reality and his depiction of life as a mortal character. There are some flaws that exist but they are not really significant to the development of the character and the resolution. It shows that this movie is not perfect but it has established the important things and arguments that are needed to be discussed. As a whole, the movie is good in terms of technicalities and the director’s justification to his claim but in terms of breaking the traditional perspective towards Peter Pan immortal being is somehow hard to accept because many of us already live in a realization that Peter Pan does not transform into a complex and unfamiliar person. Works Cited Hinson, Hal. 11 December 1991. ‘Hook.’ â€Å"Washington Post.† 27 February 2008. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/style/longterm/movies/videos/hookpghinson_a0a725.htm Canby, Vincent. 11 December 1991. Hook (1991): Review/Film; Peter as a Middle-Aged Master of the Universe. â€Å"New York Times.† 27 February 2008. http://movies.nytimes.com/movie/review?_r=2&res=9D0CEEDD133EF932A25751C1A967958260&oref=slogin&oref=login Baumgarten, Marjorie. 13 December 1991. Hook. â€Å"Austin Chronicles.† 27 February 2008. http://www.austinchronicle.com/gyrobase/Calendar/Film?Film=oid%3a139216 WilczyÅ„ski, Krzysztof. (2008). Facts on Piracy. 27 February 2008. http://www.piratesinfo.com/detail/detail.php?article_id=57

Articles of Confederation vs. Constitution Essay

The Articles of Confederation and the Constitution each had their own impacts on the United States economy. It can be shown that the drafting of the Constitution reversed the control of economic authority between the national government and the states, specifically regarding the laying and levying of taxes. The stipulations of taxation are clarified in the Articles and the Constitution through Article VIII and Article I, Section 8, respectively. Both statements provide for an easy analysis of taxation considering the means of taxation and how it is assessed, who collects the taxes, and the purpose of these duties. An additional observation can be made regarding the effects of slavery on the Constitution and how that is reflective of the economic impacts of the document. With the comparison of these aspects, a conclusion can be made about the reasoning behind the change of this provision in the Articles. The American Revolution resulted in a substantial amount of debt for the United States. To finance the War of Independence, Congress had borrowed large sums of money by selling interest-bearing bonds and paying soldiers and suppliers in notes to be redeemed in the future (Foner, 200). The Continental Congress owed $42 million at the end of the revolution (Lecture #9). The states lacked a secure source of revenue, so they had to address taxation in their first written constitution, The Articles of Confederation. They used this constitution as an initial attempt to apportion taxes to the states. The Articles of Confederation primarily addresses taxation in its eighth article. According to this article, the government is levying taxes to each state as a whole, based on the value of each state. The taxes collected will be used to fund a single account to pay the charges of war. This is clarified in the document when Article VIII states that the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“common treasury which shall be supplied by the several States in proportion to the value of all land within each state.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Furthermore, the document states that any additional improvements of buildings and land will be taken into account for the estimation of the value of the respective state. This stipulation allows the assembly of Congress to increase taxes with any proportional increase in the value of the land within a state. The next  paragraph of the article refers to who will be laying and collecting these taxes. It declares that the dues will be à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“laid and levied by the authority and direction of the legislatures of the several States.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  The main notion to be extracted from the Articles of Confederation is the fact that Congress did not possess the power to levy taxes or regulate commerce by any means. The states retained the ability to adopt their own economic policies. Utilizing this power, several states printed sums of money in order for individuals to pay their debts (Foner, 200). In summation, Article VIII of the Articles of Confederation left Congress with very little financial power as well as a lack of a dependable source of revenue. Due to the need for better regulation of interstate commerce, a group of fifty-five delegates congregated to form the Constitutional Convention, with the objective of drafting an entirely new constitution. The Constitution completely reversed the distribution of authority, transferring numerous economic powers from the states to Congress. This is verified in the first clause of Article I, Section 8 of the document in which it affirms that Congress has the power à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“to lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts, and excises.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Unlike the Articles of Confederation, which imposed taxes based on the value of each state, the first clause of the Constitution announced a uniform collection of duties, imposts, and excises throughout the United States. From this clause, it can be understood that these taxes will now be collected by Congress, in contrast to state legislatures. However, the purpose of the taxation remains consistent with the first constitution, as they both use the money to pay debts, provide for the common defense, and promote the general welfare of the United States. Additional clauses empowered Congress to regulate interstate and international commerce, as well as borrow and coin money. The Constitution also included conditions that barred the states from issuing paper money, levying taxes, and interfering with commerce (Foner, 205). As stated, these provisions stripped the states of the power they retained under the Articles, and bestowed them onto Congress. Moreover, an emphasis can be placed on the issue of slavery, as it had a significant impact on the economy as well. Slavery was not notably  recognized in the Articles of Confederation, but was implicitly addressed in the Constitution. One prominent acknowledgement of slavery with respect to the economy was the Three-Fifths Compromise. This proclaims that taxes shall be apportioned to States based on the sum of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“free Persons, including those bound to Service for a Term of Years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three fifths of all other Persons.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  By counting slaves as property as well as three fifths of a person toward the census, people with more slaves owed more taxes (Lecture #9). Congress also found a source of revenue by allowing importation of slaves, yet taxing those that are taking them in. This is indicated in the Non-Importation Clause, which states that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“a Tax or Duty may be imposed on such Importation, not exceeding ten dollar s for each Person (Article I, Section 9). When writing the Constitution, the national government clearly found ways to generate revenue from slavery. In addition, slavery had a large influence on the Constitutionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s impact on the United States economy. Article VIII of the Articles of Confederation may have been drastically altered into Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution for a number of reasons. The transfer of power from the state legislatures to the national government that resulted from this provision change can be proven to be a purely economic decision. Due to the overwhelming debt from the war, Congress needed a more controllable, secure source of income. Consequently, the delegates at the Constitutional Convention drafted this section to put control back into the national governmentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s hands. With the Articles of Confederation, the states were separate, but equally powerful entities. One can perceive that the national government did not believe the states would be able to succeed with this system in place. The Constitution generated a more unified and collective assembly to work toward c ommon goals. This was made possible by reassigning the economic sovereignty to the national government. In conclusion, the drafting of the Constitution can be simplified to a transfer of economic power to the national government used to generate secure sources of revenue to get out of debt. The Articles of Confederation was merely too passive and vague to create a dependable taxation plan. The Constitution administered a well-defined formulation to allow an easier way for the national government to collect income. Giving Congress a substantially greater extent of economic dominance and the states more limitations, the national government was able to utilize a widespread  amount of resources to implement taxation. Clearly, the change of Article VIII to Article I, Section 8 spawned an absolute change of power from the states to the national government.

The eNotes Blog 7 Middle School Book Recommendations for EnthusiasticReaders

7 Middle School Book Recommendations for EnthusiasticReaders As a 6th grade teacher, I have the hardest time finding books that challenge my students to think critically without crossing the line into mature content. YA novels can be some of the most violent, steamy, and explicit books on the market since they target readers aged ten to eighteen. On the other hand, middle-grade books can be too low for some of my advanced readers. For this reason, I’ve spent a lot of time vetting books that have interesting themes, beautiful prose, or perspectives that my students might not encounter in their lives. Here are seven absolutely fantastic books that are age appropriate for middle school students. Offer them to readers who are looking for an engaging challenge! 1.  The Girl in the Blue Coat by Monica Hesse Genre: Historical Fiction; Mystery Page Count: 320 Age Range: 11-14 Set during WWII, The Girl in the Blue Coat follows Hanneke, a clever young girl who smuggles black market goods to customers in Amsterdam. Hanneke has a cynical outlook on the war after her boyfriend was killed fighting to keep the Nazis out of the Netherlands. But her desire to survive above all else is jeopardized when Mrs. Janssen asks her to perform a dangerous task: find the girl in the blue coat, a Jewish teenager that Janssen had been hiding. Hanneke’s journey leads her to resistance meetings, underground hideouts, and into the most notorious deportation center in Amsterdam. This is a stunning novel about courage, selflessness, and the human will to survive. 2.  I Will Always Write Back  by Caitlin Alifirenka and Martin Ganda Genre: Memoir Page Count: 416 Age Range: 9-14 This is an excellent book about compassion, sacrifice, and learning. Martin, a young boy living in Zimbabwe, and Caitlin, a white girl living in Pennsylvania, become pen pals in 7th grade. While Caitlin’s family lives comfortably in the US, Martin’s family lives within a notoriously poor slum in Zimbabwe. Martin works incredibly hard to be the top of his class, knowing that an education will be his ticket to a better life. But when he is kicked out of school because his family cannot pay, he must rely on the friendship he has built through his letters for support. Caitlin and her family dedicate themselves to supporting Martin as he bravely pursues his future. Caitlin learns how truly privileged she is, recognizing the injustice of the world. Told through two distinct voices and perspectives, this memoir will give your students a perspective not generally addressed in teen literature. 3. The Running Dream by Wendelin Van Draanen Genre: Realistic Fiction Page Count: 336 Age Range: 12 and up Jessica is a runner. Running means everything to her. But tragedy strikes when she loses her leg in an accident. While Jessica initially believes her life is over, she puts herself back together over the course of the novel. She confronts her own biases towards disabilities as she realizes that she treated Rosa, a girl with cerebral palsy, differently just because of her disability. Jessica overcomes the dramatic change in her life, her biases, and her negativity to realize her dreams in this inspirational novel. 4.  Irenas Children: A True Story of Courage (Young Readers Edition) by Tilar J. Mazzeo Genre: Non Fiction Page Count: 272 Age Range: 10 and up This is the story of Irena Sendler, an incredible Polish woman who saved 2,500 children during WWII. Often called the â€Å"female Schindler,† Sendler’s story has largely disappeared from history books. This young reader’s edition of her tale brings the story to life. Sendler used her wits, bravery, and fearlessness to smuggle children out of the Warsaw Ghetto. She used sewers and secret passageways, coffins and coats, abandoned buildings, and a network of underground resistance workers. Her heroic tale will not only teach young students about one of the most horrific times in modern history, but also about choosing to do the right thing when it is not easy. 5.  The Book Thief  by Markus Zusak Genre: Historical Fiction Page Count: 608 Age Range: 13 and up   * â€Å"When Death has a story to tell, you listen.† So goes the tagline of Markus Zusak’s The Book Thief, a story of WWII told through the perspective of Death- a cantankerous narrator with a verbose vocabulary. Death becomes fixated on a young German girl named Liesel and her foster family the Hubermanns. They are not like the other families on their streets. Rosa, Liesel’s foster mother, shows love by hurling profanities and wooden spoons at those she loves. Her husband, Hans, paints houses and plays the accordion. But this unconventional family takes on the greatest sacrifice: agreeing to hide a Jewish man named Max. Beautifully written, heart-wrenching, and endearing, this novel explores the power of words and the human will to survive. Above all else, this is a story about how far people will go to do what is right. **This one is appropriate for more advanced and mature students because of the complex vocabulary and a few depictions of violence. 6.  Harbor Me  by Jacqueline Woodson Genre: Realistic Fiction Page Count: 192 Age Range: 9-15 This is an incredible book by the author of â€Å"Brown Girl Dreaming.† It follows six kids whose teacher asks them to skip their last period on Fridays so that they can talk in the ARTT Room (short for A Room to Talk). These kids have seemingly unconnected experiences: There’s Esteban, whose father may be deported; Haley, whose father is in prison; Ashton, whose family just lost everything; and Amari, who fears being racially profiled by the police. But when they are together in the ARTT room, they are able to discuss all the issues on their minds. Through their conversations, readers learn about the very real problems facing different teens in the US. 7.  The Girl Who Drank the Moon  by Kelly Barnhill Genre: Fantasy Page Count: 400 Age Range: 9-14 The Protectorate fears a witch. The people have been told that if they do not leave a baby every year as a sacrifice for the witch, she will destroy their city. Little do they know, their monster is actually a kind witch named Xan. Every year, Xan travels to the edge of the forest to rescue a baby that has been, seemingly, abandoned by its family. Xan feeds the child starlight and delivers it to a loving family in the Free Cities. However, on this journey, Xan makes a critical error: she feeds the baby moonlight and gives the human child magical powers. Now, Xan must raise the child as her own. But as Luna grows, so does the uncertainty in the Protectorate. A young man decides that he must hunt down the witch, and a volcano is close to erupting. This is a fast-paced, magical tale of love and self-discovery. It teaches the reader that stories, true or false, have power over one’s imagination.

Evaluation of a company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Evaluation of a company - Essay Example Our company needs a strong investment to protect its future positions. For The Growth of company has been in growing shape in Europe. However, in this document we will strive for better option of expansion such as merger viability or acquisition of an existing corporation or developing its own plant in UK to start operations in paint technology. Strategic viability has also been assessed about expansion plan. The company envisions maintaining valuable position by its customers, community they serve and committed staff and shareholders. Company aims to transform itself into innovative organization and serve with up to date infrastructure support. Working capital may be financed through short term loans which may not be a burden in terms of finance costs. It will also help to maintain liquidity positions of company. Another way out could be availability of Overdraft from bank on negotiable terms. Chamberlain, K. A. (2011). à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Lawfully Made Under This Titleà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ : The Implications of Costco v. Omega and the First Sale Doctrine on Library Lending. The Journal of Academic Librarianship, 37(4), 291-298. Hanna, J. (2013). Real-world application of MedsCheck opportunities: The Costco pharmacists intervention trial for reduction of cardiovascular risk. Canadian Pharmacists Journal / Revue des Pharmaciens du Canada, 146(6), 325-328. Minahan, S. M., Huddleston, P., & Bianchi, C. (2012). Costco and the Aussie Shopper: a case study of the market entry of an international retailer. The International Review of Retail, Distribution and Consumer Research, 22(5), 507-527. Hooper, C., & Gunn, R. (2013). Recognition as a framework for ethical participatory research: developing a methodology with looked after young people. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, I,

Philosophy on Dreaming Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Philosophy on Dreaming - Essay Example The central nervous system, which is active even in sleep, can pay full attention to a dreamer's intrapsychic processes only when it is not distracted by environmental stimuli. If these stimuli exceed a certain intensity, they interrupt dreams, just as acute anxiety associated with fears of a dreamed conflict stops the process of dreaming. Mild, subliminally perceived environmental distractions are usually incorporated into dream events without misrepresentation of the main dream message. Analysts also look for any allusions to the manner in which dreamers guide, control, or curb their overt social behavior. When dreamers' behaviors and personalities change, dreams change also. Personality means the function a character plays, intentionally or unconsciously, in psychosocial relationships; role encompasses the intrapsychic processes and the conscious or unconscious overt behavior of the individual. One's mental states like values, desires, intentions are functions determined by the brain states. Brain states depends upon the state of affairs and events one is through with or going through at the same instant.